活着忙着累着 发表于 2007-6-20 15:57:02

真是好东西啊

ehxz 发表于 2007-5-26 14:42:03

Oracle维护常用SQL语句

1、查看表空间的名称及大小
  select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size

  from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d

  where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name

  group by t.tablespace_name;
  

  2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小

  select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,

  round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space

  from dba_data_files

  order by tablespace_name;

  

  3、查看回滚段名称及大小

  select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,

  (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,

  max_extents, v.curext CurExtent

  From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v

  Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)

  order by segment_name ;

  

  4、查看控制文件

  select name from v$controlfile;

  

  5、查看日志文件

  select member from v$logfile;

  

  6、查看表空间的使用情况

  select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name

  from dba_free_space

  group by tablespace_name;

  

  SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,

  (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"

  FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C

  WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;

  

  7、查看数据库库对象

  select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;

  

  8、查看数据库的版本 

  Select version FROM Product_component_version

  Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)=''Oracle'';

  

  9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式

  Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;

  

  10、捕捉运行很久的SQL

  column username format a12

  column opname format a16

  column progress format a8

  

  select username,sid,opname,

  round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0)    ''%'' as progress,

  time_remaining,sql_text

  from v$session_longops , v$sql

  where time_remaining <> 0

  and sql_address = address

  and sql_hash_value = hash_value

  /

  

  11、查看数据表的参数信息

  SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name,

  pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent,

  next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS,

  freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks,

  empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size,

  last_analyzed

  FROM dba_tab_partitions

  --WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner

  ORDER BY partition_position

  

  12、查看还没提交的事务

  select * from v$locked_object;

  select * from v$transaction;

  

  13、查找object为哪些进程所用

  select

  p.spid,

  s.sid,

  s.serial# serial_num,

  s.username user_name,

  a.type object_type,

  s.osuser os_user_name,

  a.owner,

  a.object object_name,

  decode(sign(48 - command),

  1,

  to_char(command), &#39;&#39;Action Code #&#39;&#39;    to_char(command) ) action,

  p.program oracle_process,

  s.terminal terminal,

  s.program program,

  s.status session_status

  from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p

  where s.paddr = p.addr and

  s.type = &#39;&#39;USER&#39;&#39; and

  a.sid = s.sid and

  a.object=&#39;&#39;SUBSCRIBER_ATTR&#39;&#39;

  order by s.username, s.osuser

  

  14、回滚段查看

  select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents

  Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs,

  v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes,

  sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs,

  v$rollname where v$rollname.name(+) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and

  v$rollstat.usn (+) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum

  

  15、耗资源的进程(top session)

  select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1,

  to_char(command), &#39;&#39;Action Code #&#39;&#39;    to_char(command) ) action, status

  session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num,

  nvl(s.username, &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;) user_name, s.terminal terminal,

  s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$processp

  where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number(&#39;&#39;38&#39;&#39;) and (&#39;&#39;ALL&#39;&#39; = &#39;&#39;ALL&#39;&#39;

  or s.status = &#39;&#39;ALL&#39;&#39;) and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc

16、查看锁(lock)情况

  select /*+ RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name,

  decode(ls.type, &#39;&#39;RW&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;Row wait enqueue lock&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;TM&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;DML enqueue lock&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;TX&#39;&#39;,

  &#39;&#39;Transaction enqueue lock&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;UL&#39;&#39;, &#39;&#39;User supplied lock&#39;&#39;) lock_type,

  o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, &#39;&#39;Row Share&#39;&#39;, 3,

  &#39;&#39;Row Exclusive&#39;&#39;, 4, &#39;&#39;Share&#39;&#39;, 5, &#39;&#39;Share Row Exclusive&#39;&#39;, 6, &#39;&#39;Exclusive&#39;&#39;, null)

  lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2

  from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type,

  l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s,

  v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner

  <> &#39;&#39;SYS&#39;&#39; order by o.owner, o.object_name

  

  17、查看等待(wait)情况

  SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value

  FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN (&#39;&#39;db block gets&#39;&#39;,

  &#39;&#39;consistent gets&#39;&#39;) group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count

  

  18、查看sga情况

  SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC

  

  19、查看catched object

  SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace,

  type, sharable_mem, loads, executions,

  locks, pins, kept FROM v$db_object_cache

  

  20、查看V$SQLAREA

  SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS,

  VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS,

  USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS,

  BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA

  

  21、查看object分类数量

  select decode (o.type#,1,&#39;&#39;INDEX&#39;&#39; , 2,&#39;&#39;TABLE&#39;&#39; , 3 , &#39;&#39;CLUSTER&#39;&#39; , 4, &#39;&#39;VIEW&#39;&#39; , 5 ,

  &#39;&#39;SYNONYM&#39;&#39; , 6 , &#39;&#39;SEQUENCE&#39;&#39; , &#39;&#39;OTHER&#39;&#39; ) object_type , count(*) quantity from

  sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,&#39;&#39;INDEX&#39;&#39; , 2,&#39;&#39;TABLE&#39;&#39; , 3

  , &#39;&#39;CLUSTER&#39;&#39; , 4, &#39;&#39;VIEW&#39;&#39; , 5 , &#39;&#39;SYNONYM&#39;&#39; , 6 , &#39;&#39;SEQUENCE&#39;&#39; , &#39;&#39;OTHER&#39;&#39; ) union select

  &#39;&#39;COLUMN&#39;&#39; , count(*) from sys.col$ union select &#39;&#39;DB LINK&#39;&#39; , count(*) from

  

  22、按用户查看object种类

  select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes,

  sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL))

  clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1,

  NULL)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences,

  sum(decode(o.type#, 1, NULL, 2, NULL, 3, NULL, 4, NULL, 5, NULL, 6, NULL, 1))

  others from sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where o.type# >= 1 and u.user# =

  o.owner# and u.name <> &#39;&#39;PUBLIC&#39;&#39; group by u.name order by

  sys.link$ union select &#39;&#39;CONSTRAINT&#39;&#39; , count(*) from sys.con$

  

  23、有关connection的相关信息

  1)查看有哪些用户连接

  select s.osuser os_user_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, to_char(command),

  &#39;&#39;Action Code #&#39;&#39;    to_char(command) ) action, p.program oracle_process,

  status session_status, s.terminal terminal, s.program program,

  s.username user_name, s.fixed_table_sequence activity_meter, &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; query,

  0 memory, 0 max_memory, 0 cpu_usage, s.sid, s.serial# serial_num

  from v$session s, v$process p where s.paddr=p.addr and s.type = &#39;&#39;USER&#39;&#39;

  order by s.username, s.osuser

  2)根据v.sid查看对应连接的资源占用等情况

  select n.name,

  v.value,

  n.class,

  n.statistic#

  from v$statname n,

  v$sesstat v

  where v.sid = 71 and

  v.statistic# = n.statistic#

  order by n.class, n.statistic#

  3)根据sid查看对应连接正在运行的sql

  select /*+ PUSH_SUBQ */

  command_type,

  sql_text,

  sharable_mem,

  persistent_mem,

  runtime_mem,

  sorts,

  version_count,

  loaded_versions,

  open_versions,

  users_opening,

  executions,

  users_executing,

  loads,

  first_load_time,

  invalidations,

  parse_calls,

  disk_reads,

  buffer_gets,

  rows_processed,

  sysdate start_time,

  sysdate finish_time,

  &#39;&#39;>&#39;&#39;    address sql_address,

  &#39;&#39;N&#39;&#39; status

  from v$sqlarea

  where address = (select sql_address from v$session where sid = 71)

  

  24、查询表空间使用情况select a.tablespace_name "表空间名称",

  100-round((nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/a.bytes_alloc)*100,2) "占用率(%)",

  round(a.bytes_alloc/1024/1024,2) "容量(M)",

  round(nvl(b.bytes_free,0)/1024/1024,2) "空闲(M)",

  round((a.bytes_alloc-nvl(b.bytes_free,0))/1024/1024,2) "使用(M)",

  Largest "最大扩展段(M)",

  to_char(sysdate,&#39;&#39;yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss&#39;&#39;) "采样时间"

  from (select f.tablespace_name,

  sum(f.bytes) bytes_alloc,

  sum(decode(f.autoextensible,&#39;&#39;YES&#39;&#39;,f.maxbytes,&#39;&#39;NO&#39;&#39;,f.bytes)) maxbytes

  from dba_data_files f

  group by tablespace_name) a,

  (select f.tablespace_name,

  sum(f.bytes) bytes_free

  from dba_free_space f

  group by tablespace_name) b,

  (select round(max(ff.length)*16/1024,2) Largest,

  ts.name tablespace_name

  from sys.fet$ ff, sys.file$ tf,sys.ts$ ts

  where ts.ts#=ff.ts# and ff.file#=tf.relfile# and ts.ts#=tf.ts#

  group by ts.name, tf.blocks) c

  where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name and a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name

  

  25、 查询表空间的碎片程度

  select tablespace_name,count(tablespace_name) from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name

  having count(tablespace_name)>10;   

  alter tablespace name coalesce;

  alter table name deallocate unused;   

  create or replace view ts_blocks_v as

  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,&#39;&#39;free space&#39;&#39; segment_name from dba_free_space

  union all

  select tablespace_name,block_id,bytes,blocks,segment_name from dba_extents;   

  select * from ts_blocks_v;   

  select tablespace_name,sum(bytes),max(bytes),count(block_id) from dba_free_space

  group by tablespace_name;
:)
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